The U.S. Supreme Court recently declined to hear an appeal from the Pharmaceutical Research and Manufacturers of America (PhRMA) challenging an Arkansas law. This law mandates pharmaceutical companies to provide discounts on drugs dispensed by third-party pharmacies that contract with hospitals and clinics serving low-income populations. The decision supports state measures ensuring drug access through the federal 340B discount program, which requires drugmakers to offer discounts as a condition for receiving government health insurance funds. Arkansas Attorney General Tim Griffin praised the ruling, stating it prevents manufacturers from exploiting gaps in federal law, thereby ensuring equal drug access for rural patients. Similar laws in states like Maryland, West Virginia, and Louisiana aim to protect the use of contract pharmacies, despite industry concerns about transparency and potential abuse.

Pope Francis, 88, has been hospitalized at Rome's Gemelli Hospital since February 14, 2025, due to double pneumonia. Despite an isolated respiratory crisis on February 22, his condition has stabilized. The Vatican reports he remains vigilant, continues to eat, and engages in routine activities within his hospital room. In a written message, the Pope expressed gratitude for the global prayers and support, stating he feels "supported by all God's people." He also met with Cardinal Pietro Parolin, the Vatican's Secretary of State, and his deputy during his hospitalization. This marks the third consecutive week Pope Francis has been unable to lead the traditional Sunday Angelus prayer. The Vatican continues to monitor his health closely, with updates anticipated as he progresses in his recovery. 

Pope Francis has sparked speculation about a possible Vatican conclave, suggesting that discussions on future leadership may be underway. Amid ongoing health concerns, the 87-year-old pontiff acknowledged the natural progression of leadership transitions within the Catholic Church. While he has not explicitly stated any plans to step down, his remarks have raised questions about potential succession. The Pope continues to lead despite health challenges, but Vatican watchers are closely monitoring his statements. A conclave would mean cardinals worldwide gathering to elect a new pope, a rare event last seen in 2013 when Francis succeeded Pope Benedict XVI.  

On February 28, 2025, Pope Francis, aged 88, experienced a severe coughing fit leading to the inhalation of vomit, which necessitated non-invasive mechanical ventilation to support his breathing. This incident occurred during his two-week hospitalization at Rome's Gemelli Hospital, where he is being treated for double pneumonia. Despite the setback, the Vatican reports that the Pope remains conscious and alert, though his overall prognosis remains cautious due to the complexity of his condition. Doctors are closely monitoring him for potential complications, including sepsis. The Pope continues to work from the hospital, with global prayers dedicated to his recovery.   

Texas health officials confirmed the state’s first measles-related death, a school-aged unvaccinated child, amid a growing outbreak. The outbreak has infected 146 people, with 20 hospitalized, mostly children and teens. Covenant Children's Hospital in Lubbock reported several severe cases requiring intensive care. Health experts warn measles is highly contagious and can cause fatal complications. Dr. Lara Johnson emphasized the importance of vaccination, stating, “Measles is a deadly virus.” Nearly all cases involve unvaccinated individuals. The outbreak, linked to low vaccination rates in some communities, has also spread to neighboring New Mexico, which has reported 9 cases.

In the Democratic Republic of Congo's Équateur Province, a suspected malaria outbreak has resulted in 52 deaths and 943 reported illnesses. Symptoms include fever, fatigue, vomiting, and weight loss. Initial tests have ruled out Ebola and Marburg viruses. The World Health Organization is enhancing surveillance and collaborating with local health authorities to conduct further investigations. Some cases are believed to be linked to food poisoning. The outbreak was first identified on January 21, 2025, after children consumed a bat carcass, leading to concerns about potential zoonotic transmission. Efforts are underway to confirm the exact cause and prevent further spread. 

India has reported its first case of bird flu in domestic cats in Madhya Pradesh's Chhindwara district. This discovery raises concerns over the potential mutation of the H5N1 avian influenza virus, which could facilitate transmission between humans. Scientists have documented 27 mutations in the virus, a significant finding as it is primarily an avian pathogen. Although human-to-human transmission remains inefficient, experts warn that continued virus mutations could lead to increased transmission risks. The outbreak calls for enhanced surveillance of poultry, wild birds, mammals, and pets to prevent further spread and prepare for potential human infections.

A suspected norovirus outbreak has struck passengers aboard the P&O cruise ship Iona, sailing off the coast of Belgium. The ship, which departed Southampton, UK, on February 15, 2025, for a seven-day Northern Europe voyage, saw multiple passengers falling ill. One traveler described people "dropping like flies" due to severe vomiting and diarrhea. The ship visited ports including Hamburg, Rotterdam, and Zeebrugge. P&O Cruises said enhanced sanitation measures were in place. Health authorities are monitoring the situation, and affected passengers have been isolated to prevent further spread.

Shi Zhengli, a leading Chinese virologist known as "Batwoman," is renowned for her research on bat coronaviruses. She played a crucial role in identifying SARS-like viruses and linking them to bats, particularly at the Wuhan Institute of Virology. Her studies raised debates about virus origins and pandemic preparedness. The new discovery further emphasizes her work in tracking zoonotic diseases.  

Chinese researchers have identified a new bat coronavirus, HKU5-CoV-2, capable of binding to the human ACE2 receptor, similar to SARS-CoV-2. Led by virologist Shi Zhengli, the study involved scientists from Wuhan and Guangzhou and was published in Cell. The virus, linked to the MERS subgenus, was found in Japanese pipistrelle bats. Researchers warn of possible animal-to-human transmission but stress its binding efficiency to human receptors is lower than SARS-CoV-2. Scientists caution against exaggerating the risk but highlight the potential for spillover through intermediate hosts.