The Congress demanded an apology from Home Minister Amit Shah, accusing him of disrespecting B.R. Ambedkar during a debate in the Rajya Sabha. Shah criticized opposition leaders for frequently invoking Ambedkar’s name, remarking it had "become a fashion." Congress president Mallikarjun Kharge alleged the BJP and RSS hold "hatred" for Ambedkar, linking them to historical opposition to the tricolor and Constitution. Former Congress chief Rahul Gandhi called Shah’s comments reflective of Manusmriti ideology. Jairam Ramesh and K.C. Venugopal also condemned Shah, accusing the BJP of mocking Ambedkar’s legacy while exploiting his name politically.

Prime Minister Narendra Modi accused Congress of undermining BR Ambedkar’s legacy, calling the party’s actions a "rotten ecosystem" of insults towards the Constitution’s architect. Amid Congress’s demand for Home Minister Amit Shah’s resignation over his controversial remarks on Ambedkar, Modi highlighted Congress’s "sins," including denying Ambedkar a Bharat Ratna and orchestrating his electoral defeats. Modi contrasted Congress’s history with BJP’s initiatives empowering SC/ST communities. Congress chief Mallikarjun Kharge condemned Shah’s remarks, accusing him of insulting Ambedkar, and led protests in Parliament. Modi defended Shah, calling Congress’s outrage "theatrics" over their exposed record of ignoring Ambedkar's vision.

Parliament witnessed protests on December 18, 2024, as Congress MPs demanded Union Home Minister Amit Shah's resignation over his remarks on Dr. BR Ambedkar. Shah, while responding to a Rajya Sabha debate, said it had become a "fashion" for Congress to repeatedly invoke Ambedkar's name, implying that doing so was unnecessary. Congress president Mallikarjun Kharge accused Shah of insulting Ambedkar and sought an apology. In retaliation, BJP accused the opposition of exploiting the situation for political gain. Protests continued in Parliament, with Congress MPs raising slogans and holding Ambedkar's photos.

Union Transport Minister Nitin Gadkari and 19 BJP MPs skipped the Lok Sabha session on the One Nation, One Election Bill, defying a three-line party whip. The absence of these MPs, including Giriraj Singh and Jyotiraditya Scindia, has raised concerns, with sources indicating possible notices for their absence. The Bill, introduced by Law Minister Arjun Ram Meghwal, received 269 votes in favor and 198 against during its introductory phase but faces challenges in securing a two-thirds majority for passage. Opposition leaders criticized the Bill, calling it an attack on India's federal structure, while the BJP plans to push further deliberations.

Union Home Minister Amit Shah criticised Congress in the Rajya Sabha for blaming EVMs after election losses. Shah asked, “How can EVMs be faulty in Maharashtra but fine in Jharkhand?” He accused Congress of “disrespecting the mandate” and said the Supreme Court rejected petitions against EVMs 24 times. Comparing constitutional amendments, Shah stated, “Congress made 77 amendments in 55 years, while BJP made 22 in 16 years to uplift backward classes and end triple talaq.” His comments were part of a debate marking the 75th anniversary of the Constitution’s adoption.

Union Home Minister Amit Shah criticized Congress in the Rajya Sabha, saying, “Congress didn’t prioritize the progress of OBCs during its tenure.” He also attacked Congress leader Mallikarjun Kharge, calling him a “coward” for opposing the government’s actions. Shah raised questions about the opposition blaming Electronic Voting Machines (EVMs) in Maharashtra but not in Jharkhand, where they won. He also accused Jawaharlal Nehru of amending the Constitution to “curtail freedom of expression.” Shah praised India’s democracy, saying, “We made changes without shedding a drop of blood,” highlighting India’s peaceful democratic evolution.

Senior NCP leader Chhagan Bhujbal criticised party chief Ajit Pawar after being excluded from the Maharashtra Cabinet. Expressing his disappointment, Bhujbal said, “Am I a toy in your hands? You ask me to contest, then ignore me.” He revealed that earlier this year, he was denied a Rajya Sabha seat and pushed to contest Assembly elections instead. Now, the sudden offer of the seat has angered him. Bhujbal also claimed CM Devendra Fadnavis supported his inclusion. “The way I was treated was humiliating,” he added. Bhujbal will consult his supporters before taking the next step.

The One Nation, One Election Bill was tabled in the Lok Sabha on December 17. Union Home Minister Amit Shah said Prime Minister Narendra Modi suggested sending the bill to a Parliamentary panel for detailed discussions. The bill aims to enable simultaneous elections for the Lok Sabha and state assemblies. The move sparked protests from the opposition. Leaders like Congress' Manish Tewari and Samajwadi Party's Dharmendra Yadav criticised the bill. They argued it challenges the Constitution's structure and India's federal nature. Despite protests, 269 MPs supported the bill, while 198 opposed it.

Union law minister Arjun Ram Meghwal introduced constitutional amendment bills for simultaneous Lok Sabha and assembly elections in the Lok Sabha. The motion to introduce the Constitution (129th Amendment) Bill, 2024, and the Union Territories Laws (Amendment) Bill, 2024, saw 269 MPs supporting it, while 198 opposed. Congress, Samajwadi Party, and Trinamool Congress MPs criticized the bills, calling them an attack on the Constitution’s basic structure. The bills propose mid-term elections for dissolved assemblies to complete their five-year terms. If passed, simultaneous elections are expected to begin in 2034. The opposition demands the bills be sent to a joint committee.

Congress leader Priyanka Gandhi Vadra brought attention to minority rights in Bangladesh by carrying a bag reading, “Stand with Bangladeshi Hindus and Christians,” in Parliament. This followed her earlier controversy over a “Palestine” bag. She urged the Indian government to engage diplomatically with Dhaka to address attacks on minorities. BJP leaders accused her of "communal posturing," while Priyanka emphasized India’s historical commitment to minority rights, citing the 1971 Bangladesh Liberation War. She dismissed criticism of her attire as patriarchal. India’s strategic ties with Bangladesh remain crucial amid concerns over rising violence against minorities.