Brief by Shorts91 Newsdesk / 04:59am on 30 Sep 2026,Wednesday Education
The new NCERT Class 9 Social Science textbook, Understanding Society: India and Beyond – Part 2, introduces a chapter titled “Resistance and Resilience” focusing on invasions and resistance in medieval India. It states that several Indian rulers were traditionally believed to have received swords from Hindu goddesses, including Kali, Durga and Bhavani. The chapter discusses resistance against Arab, Turkish, Mughal and European forces and describes some invasions as driven by territorial expansion and religious motives. It also highlights the historical treatment of Sikh gurus under Mughal rule. NCERT says the revised curriculum aims to encourage critical inquiry, analytical thinking and intercultural understanding. (PC: X)
